How does the 'super' keyword function in a class constructor?

The 'super' keyword is crucial in class constructors, especially when dealing with inheritance in object-oriented programming. When a class is created that extends another class, the 'super' keyword is used to call the constructor of the parent class. This is essential for initializing the parent class's properties and methods, ensuring that the derived class has access to all necessary functionality from its parent.

By invoking the parent class's constructor with 'super', you set up the internal state of the object to reflect the properties and functionalities defined in the parent class. This makes it possible to use or override methods from the parent class within the derived class, promoting reuse and efficient code organization.

In this context, the other options do not reflect the functionality of 'super'. Accessing parent class properties directly does not require 'super', and the 'super' keyword certainly does not create an instance of the parent class; instead, it pertains to calling the constructor. Additionally, the ability to use 'super' is specifically designed for derived classes, as it is fundamental to maintaining the relationship between parent and child classes in inheritance hierarchies.