What does the 'this' keyword refer to in JavaScript?

In JavaScript, the 'this' keyword is used to refer to the context in which a function is called. It represents the object that is currently executing the code and can vary based on how a function is invoked. This makes 'this' highly dynamic and context-sensitive.

For example, if a method is called on an object, 'this' refers to that particular object. If the function is invoked in the global scope, 'this' refers to the global object (like window in browsers or global in Node.js). In the context of an event handler, 'this' refers to the element that the event is bound to.

This behavior of 'this' allows for more flexibility in JavaScript, enabling developers to write code that's adaptable to different invocation contexts. Understanding the context of 'this' is crucial for effectively working with object-oriented programming and callbacks in JavaScript.