What is indicated by the presence of an array as a second argument in JSON.stringify?

The presence of an array as a second argument in JSON.stringify is used to specify which properties should be included in the resulting JSON string. This makes it a powerful tool for controlling the serialization process. When an array is passed, only the properties listed in that array will be serialized, and any properties not included will be omitted from the output.

This functionality allows developers to create more manageable and efficient JSON representations by excluding unnecessary details or sensitive information from the resulting string. It's particularly useful when you want to tailor the data for specific use cases or when sending data over a network where minimizing payload size is beneficial.

Other options, such as indicating the order of properties or constraining the size of the JSON string, do not accurately describe the role of the array. Similarly, setting the formatting style of the JSON string is not an applicable use of the second argument in JSON.stringify. The second argument serves a specific function related to property inclusion rather than formatting or ordering.