What will be the result of the code: const x = (function() { return 2; })(); console.log(x);?

The result of the code is that the value of x will be 2. This occurs because the code defines an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE).

Here's how it works:

1. The function declaration function() { return 2; } creates a function that, when invoked, returns the value 2.

2. The parentheses () following the function declaration immediately invoke it. This execution takes place right as the function is defined.

3. The return value of this function, which is 2, is then assigned to the constant x.

Therefore, when console.log(x); is executed, it prints the value of x, which is 2.

This approach effectively allows encapsulation and eliminates pollution of the global scope by keeping the function's operations contained within itself. The use of IIFEs is a common practice in JavaScript, particularly before the introduction of block scope with let and const.